Enhlis CASE 3 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Enhlis CASE 3 - Term Paper Example Prezi is some of the time is known as the zooming introduction, and it is utilized to make introductions that are viewed as more unique than power point. The introduction or the story is spread out in a visual canvas and the territory can be changed to see more subtleties or less detail. Force point is increasingly adaptable for some slide purposes and you can do an assortment of things with it. Conversation There are sure contrasts between the two programming, and the greatest distinction is presumably the non-direct nature of Prezi against the straight structure of intensity point. In numerous events power point remains the staple for most introductions and structures the reason for a great part of the visual substance conveyed in online introductions and trainings ( Bunzel, 2006). Let’s attempt a totally non-straight introducing or for instructing approach. Like having a nitty gritty Prezi and submits general direction to your crowd at which bits they need to take a gander at: in the event that the students can get to, at that point you don’t need to utilize customary introduction before all else. Force point has straight route, utilizes slide stack design, PC based, and has various printing choices. Force point is more well known than Prezi which is non-direct, utilizes map design, electronic, and has constrained printing choices. Attempt and present your students with Prezi to glance around, you can likewise attempt to include your substance. Students will work through and take notes or utilize the substance that they find generally helpful. Force point is acceptable at making address structure, envisioning content, arranging understudy note-taking, and clarifying complex ideas and procedures through outlines, charts and livelinesss. The appearance of your introduction of intensity point programming can be influenced by distinction in text dimensions in various PCs (Norwood, 2009). Prezi is an introduction that permits you to show your though ts in type of pictures, text, recordings. And so on., by wanting to them or focusing in on them. With the capacity to zoom the pictures, Prezi additionally give a few apparatuses to alter those items including instruments to turn, resize, recolor, and crop them. With the high and quicker mechanical development on the planet, the utilization of intensity point is become progressively untrustworthy contrasted with Prezi. Truth be told, (Norwood, 2009), says that, ‘power point introduction are so universal nowadays that the negligible name of this product has gotten interchangeable with ‘boring’ and ‘mundane’.’ Prezi being an online based turns into a more evolutional and helpful programming. The utilization of Prezi for framework redesign is progressively successful and carries more effects on the new openings. The utilization of Prezi gives a wide scope of introduction and is more profitable these days than power point. Not at all like force poi nt prezi isn't being influenced by the distinction in textual styles of various PC frameworks. Thusly it’s progressively profitable and simple to get to. Force point is constantly introduced in the framework. That makes it hard to share the work finished with power point to others. Being on the web based programming, Prezi is an option for student’s instructors, and scientists. The simplicity of sharing the worksheet and individual introduction through web since it’s an online programming. The utilization of Prezi can be energetically suggested for redesigning since it is a most obvious opportunity with regards to improving salary. The utilization of Prezi is helpful in publicizing, mailing and any business related work. To improve corporate account it’s prudent to utilize Prezi. End It is more clear that the vast majority use power point than Prezi.

How the 13 Colonies Were Named :: American History, Informative

How the 13 Colonies Were Named      The initial thirteen provinces were either named after individuals, Indian names or, places in England. The first states/settlements are, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Georgia, North Carolina, Maryland, South Carolina, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Virginia, New Hampshire and New Jersey.      The three expresses that are named explicitly after Indian names are Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut. The Puritans named Massachusetts, after a neighborhood Indian clan whose name implies â€Å"a huge slope place.† Rhode Island was named after the Indian name for â€Å"Red Island.† It was authoritatively called â€Å"The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations† in 1790. The third state named after and Indian name is Connecticut, which gets its name from and Algonquin word meaning â€Å"land on the long tidal river†      The eight settlements that are named after individuals in England are Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Virginia and New York. Georgia was named out of appreciation for England’s King George II. North and South Carolina were both named out of appreciation for King Charles I. (Carolous is Latin for Charles). It is accepted that Lord Baltimore who got a sanction for what is currently the place where there is Maryland, named the state after Queen Henrietta Maria, spouse of King Charles I. Delaware was named by the Delaware Indians (otherwise called lenni-lenape) after the individual Lord de la Warr. The â€Å"Keystone State,† all the more generally known as Pennsylvania was named by William Penn to pay tribute to his dad. William consolidated the name Penn and Latin term Sylvania, which implies â€Å"woodlands† to think of â€Å"Penn’s Woodlands.

Understanding Balance Sheets

Understanding Balance Sheets If you are running a business or you are considering investing in a company, understanding the business entity’s finances is crucial for success. Different financial statements are an essential part of getting to grips with the business’ finances. One of the financial statements you are likely to come across is a balance sheet. © Shutterstock.com | max sattanaThis guide will walk you through (1) the definition of a balance sheet, (2) the main reasons you should use it and (3) tips for understanding and reading balance sheets. The guide will hopefully give you better tools for managing your business’ finances or investing in companies with a healthy financial background.WHAT IS A BALANCE SHEET?A balance sheet is simply a financial statement that summarizes key financial elements from a specific period. It looks at three elements of the entity’s finances, which are:Assets,Liabilities, andShareholders’ equityThe three sections are a snapshot of what the entity owns as well as what it owes. It also tells how much shareholders have invested in the entity. Therefore, a balance sheet is often referred to as a snapshot of the entity’s financial condition.As mentioned, the balance sheet typically looks at a specific point of time in the entity’s history. It is most often produced at the end of the entityâ €™s financial year or the accounting year.A balance sheet is often presented in the following formula:Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders’ equityWho needs a balance sheet?A balance sheet can either be used to summarize the finances of a business organization or an individual. It is most commonly used for business purposes, either by corporations or other such business organizations or by a sole proprietorship or a business partnership.If the balance sheet is for an individual or a small business, the format used is a bit simpler. For larger corporations and businesses, the balance sheet often lists more information. Furthermore, larger business entities might choose to prepare different balance sheets for different segments of the business.What are the benefits of a balance sheet?While a balance sheet is not normally a part of a business’ formal accounting statements, such as tax calculations, many businesses and individuals find it extremely useful. In short, a balance sheet is a great indicator of the business’ financial health.Some of the key benefits of a balance sheet are tied around this understanding of the business’ financial health. The below are the main advantages of producing a balance sheet if you are running a business, whether it is a small or a large organization.Overview of the business’ financesAs already mentioned, a balance sheet gives an important overview of the business’ financial position. More importantly, a balance sheet focuses on providing information on the business’ current asset situation and the liabilities it still has. Therefore, it provides further financial information to a typical profit or loss statement.A balance sheet provides a more comprehensive picture because it looks at the future instead of just the current situation. For example, your profit or loss statement might show your business made a big profit in a given financial year. But the balance sheet will show whether you get to enjoy it or not, as yo u can see any incoming payments.Important information to benefit investorsThe above overview of business finances is naturally an essential aspect of how possible investors view your business. It can add much more information to investors’ decision-making process and decide whether to invest to the business or not.Therefore, it can be a good way to attract investors to the business, as well as a crucial tool for investors. It is a good idea for the business to produce the balance sheet and present it to investors and other lenders in order to improve accountability and transparency.Makes it easy to prioritize financial liabilitiesFinally, as the balance sheet looks at the business’ current liabilities, it can help the entity to decide how to prioritize these. For example, you are able to see all the short-term debt commitments and make better decisions on whether you need to improve your business profits or perhaps even look into getting more investment.THE BASICS OF A BALANCE S HEETIt is now time to turn attention to the key figures presented in the balance sheet and to look deeper into the formula behind a balance sheet. The section first looks at the personal balance sheet, which is often a simpler format to the business balance sheet, which will be dealt with later.The simple, personal balance sheetThere are three sections to a personal balance sheet, just as in the more complex business balance sheet. The key parts of the personal balance sheet deal with assets, liabilities and the owners’ equity.AssetsThe assets of a personal balance sheet deal with current and non-current assets. Current assets include items such as checking accounts and savings accounts the individual or small business might have. It also lists long-term assets such as stock options and real estate.Sometimes the different assets are divided into current and non-current assets. Non-current assets are mostly these fixed assets, such as real estate and other such equipment. Non-curre nt assets are mostly assets that cannot be converted into cash in less than a year â€" meaning they are long-term assets.For assets, such as real estate or stock securities, the value listed are always the current market value rather than a historical cost or cost basis value. This allows the asset value to be as accurate as possible.LiabilitiesNext the balance sheet will list any liabilities the individual or small business might have. Liabilities are the money the individual or business owes to outside parties, such as other suppliers, the banks and even the employees in the form of wages. These are again divided into current liabilities and long-term liabilities.In the case of individual and small business owners, current liabilities include any loan debt the business has due, as well as mortgage debt.On the other hand, long-term liabilities are often any mortgage or loan engagements, which are not due at the time of producing the balance sheet. As with long-term assets, the non- current liabilities refer to payments due at any point after one year.The owners’ equityFinally, the balance sheet will list any of the owners’ equity. The owners’ equity can also be referred to as personal net worth, if the balance sheet is for an individual instead of a small business.The owners’ equity is calculated by subtracting the total liabilities from the total amount of assets. It is therefore the money the business or individual could take if they ceased to be.A business balance sheetThe above balance sheet is a stripped down version of the business’ balance sheet, which often includes more assets and liabilities that might not be needed for a small business owner. The basics are the same in both balance sheets.Here is a look at the three sections of a business balance sheet: assets, liabilities and the equity or capital of the business.AssetsThe assets are divided into two sections: the current assets and the non-current assets (fixed assets). Below is a list o f items listed in both of these sections:Current assets:Cash and cash equivalents â€" these include most liquid assets of the company.Receivable accounts â€" the money the customers still owe to the company.Marketable securities â€" all equity as well as debt investments which have a liquid market.Inventory â€" goods the business currently has in stock ready to sell. These goods are listed with the current market price or lower.Prepaid expenses â€" the value that has been paid for, for example, in the case of insurance or rent.Long-term assets:Any long-term investments â€" these are investments that cannot be liquidated in the coming year.Fixed assets â€" land, machinery, equipment, and buildings, for example.Intangible assets â€" these represent assets that aren’t physical assets, but nonetheless, have value. Intellectual property, for example, would account as intangible asset. Notice that intangible assets like this are only listed in a balance sheet if the business acquires th em.LiabilitiesNext the business balance sheet looks at the liabilities. Again, the section is very similar to a personal balance sheet, with the exception that a lot more liabilities are usually listed in the business format.The business balance sheet makes the distinction between current and long-term liabilities. The following are the example items listed in both categories:Current liabilities:Current portion of long-term debt â€" as above, the amount that is due or overdue.Bank indebtednessRent, tax and other utilities paymentsWages the business has to payInterest â€" for instance, interest payments on debt.Customer repayments â€" businesses might often need to repay an unhappy customer.Dividends payable to investors or shareholdersLong-term liabilities:Long-term debt â€" the interest as well as principle on bonds the business might have issued.Pension fund liability â€" many companies have a setup payment system for employees’ retirement funds.Deferred tax liability â€" if the re are any tax payments that have already been decided, but which won’t be payable for the next year, they are added into this section.Not all liabilities are mentioned in the business balance sheet. For instance, operating leases are a liability, which won’t appear on the balance sheet.Shareholders’ equityFinally, the business balance sheet looks at the shareholders’ equity. These are also referred to as the net assets of the business. The shareholders’ equity is equivalent to the total assets of the business minus the total liabilities.In the business balance sheet the equity section can often have a number of different figures. The most common option is to divide the equity into the following sections:Retained earnings â€" the net earnings the business uses to pay off its debt or used to reinvest in the business. The remaining is then distributed to shareholders in the form of dividend payments.Treasury stock â€" if the company has stock that it has either repurchased o r never issued, it is listed here. It can be used to raise cash, prevent a hostile takeover or sold forward later on.Additional paid-in capital â€" the figure the shareholders have invested in common stock or the preferred stock, with the value based on par value instead of a market price.In the formal sense, the shareholders’ equity is part of the business’ liabilities, as it is the equity the business ‘owns’ to its shareholders. Yet, liabilities are considered to be more restrictive and thus shareholders’ equity is considered residual.An example balance sheetIn order to understand the visual presentation of a balance sheet, below is an example for you to use. There are naturally slight differences between the ways companies choose to present the information, but the example will give you a good understanding of the information discussed above.AssetsLiabilitiesCurrent assets ·                 Accounts receivable $6,500 ·                 Current accounts $2,300Current liab ilities ·                 Wages $15,000 ·                 Debt $1,200Non-current assets ·                 Tools $5,000 ·                 Real estate $30,000Non-current liabilities ·                 Debt $15,000Total liabilities $31,200Owners equity ·                 Capital stock $10,000 ·                 Retained earnings/dividend $2,600Total owners’ equity $12,600Total $43,800Total $43,800TIPS FOR INTERPRETING A BALANCE SHEETNow that you understand the different aspects of the balance sheet and the benefits of having one, it is a good idea to look at how to best interpret a balance sheet. Keep in mind that just like with many other financial statements, it is often helpful to view and compare balance sheets from different periods. This provides you a better picture of how the business has been able to develop and manage its assets and liabilities over the years.Here are some of the key tips and hints for making the most of the balance sheet.Understanding the balance sheet formul aAs mentioned at the start, a balance sheet uses a basic formula, which goes:Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders’ equityWhat this means is the assets the entity uses to operate are balanced with the financial obligations the company has together with the equity investment the company’s owners or shareholders make, as well as the earnings they take out. This means that the total amount of assets must always be the same as the liabilities and the equity added together.Furthermore, the shareholders’ equity section can be calculated by taking the total amount of liabilities away from the total amount of assets.If the balance sheet’s figures don’t add up, you can quickly tell that something is wrong with the figures listed in the balance sheet.Get to grips with current and non-current assetsIt also helps to understand the difference between current and non-current assets, as this can give deeper insight into the cash position of your company. Since current assets are assets tha t can be converted in a year or less into cash, a business with a healthy current asset section can easily counter any big debts or other such payments it might have.In addition, since non-current assets can include non-physical assets such as patents or copyrights, you need to be careful with the valuation they receive. Since valuation of non-physical goods is harder, you need to ensure the figure on the balance sheet doesn’t over- or underestimate the value.Furthermore, make sure depreciation is calculated and deducted from most of your non-current assets. For instance, machinery and other such tools will likely lose its value over time. Depending on the country, there are different accounting rules for depreciation.Learn the differences between different liabilitiesAs well as understanding the differences between assets, you’ll also need to learn the difference between different liabilities. As current liabilities refer to payments that are due within a year or less, you want to make sure the entity has the cash to pay these. At the same time, you don’t want to keep growing the long-term liabilities for a long period.Keep in mind that any interest payments you need to make from long-term debts is always under the current liabilities, even if the majority of the actual debt sits under long-term liabilities.It is a good idea to check the current liabilities against the current assets. If your current liabilities are larger than your current assets, you are running into financial difficulties.Analyze the balance sheet with ratiosFinally, for a deeper understanding of what the balance sheet is telling about the financial health of the business entity, you need to use financial ratio analysis. This means using different formulas to highlight the financial performance of the entity.There are different types of ratios you can use. Some rations might even require you know certain information from other financial statements for the entity, such as the income s tatement.The most basic financial ratio to use is the debt to equity ratio. This shows you the financial condition of the company and its operational efficiency. It can be calculated with the following formula:Debt â€" Equity ratio = total liabilities/shareholders’ equityYou can find out more about the debt to equity ratio from the below YouTube video: Other common ratios you can figure from the balance sheet are financial strength ratios and activity rations. Here are some of the formulas for calculating these figures:Working capital = current assets â€" current liabilitiesQuick ratio = (current assets â€" inventory) / current liabilitiesDebt to total assets = total debt / total assetsThe above ratios are just some of the main examples that help you better understand the balance sheet, as well as to use it for understanding the business entity’s finances better. Whether you are an investor or a business owner, understanding the balance sheet can help you make better financial d ecisions.

Y183 Tma01 - 1258 Words

Module: Y183 – Assignment: TMA01 Task 1 How can the way in which we organise our thinking by using mental images, concepts and schemas help us improve our memory? Part A Sketch out a plan for an essay to answer the above question. Introduction: - what is the task? - how do I plan to address it? - split into 3 areas - definition of each - evidence of each Mental images: - definition - what they can be used for – examples - studies / evidence Concepts: - definition - uses - examples - studies / evidence Schemas: - definition - uses - examples - studies / evidence†¦show more content†¦They read out a passage to a number of participants, only half of whom were given a title for the passage. Those who were not given the title found it difficult to understand what the passage was about, as well as trying to remember the details of it afterwards. Those who were given the title however, understood it easily, thereby showing that having the title gave them a schema which helped them understand and organise the information provided, and therefore made it easier to remember the details. In conclusion, I have looked at how we think and shown that by organising our thoughts we can improve our memory. Mental imagery allows us to use pictures, concepts allow us to categorise information, and by developing schemas we can compartmentalise relevant information about specific things. (Word count: 990) References: Spoors, P., Dyer, E.W. and Finlay, L. (2011) Starting With Psychology, Milton Keynes, The Open University. Task 2 Write no more than 150 words in total for this task. What did you find easiest and what did you find most difficult about doing this assignment? Why was this? I found it quite easy to plan what I wanted to include in my essay generally, but it was more difficult to narrow it down to the most appropriate extracts from the book to give the best examples. I also enjoyed trying to think of my own examples, but did not find this easy. What could you do to make the difficult area easier in the future?Show MoreRelatedY183 Tma011122 Words   |  5 PagesThere are various ways in which we can organise our thinking. These can be helpful when we are trying to improve our memory or when trying to recall things from the past. The three ways I am about to explain are all similar in the way we organise our thinking, and can be a powerful aid to our memory. Each point is backed up with evidence to support this. One of the ways we organise our thinking is by using mental images. By forming a mental image, we are thinking about something by constructing

Top Enduring Issue Essay Samples Reviews!

Top Enduring Issue Essay Samples Reviews! Where to Find Enduring Issue Essay Samples As you already see from the above mentioned persuasive essay samples, these forms of papers can be quite different. You may use the documents supplied to support your additional info. Do not conceal facts, but you should be cautious when you present information from several sources, especially if it's contradictory. When you're selecting an essay topic, it is necessary to pick one that has a lot of information and statistics to strengthen your standpoint, nor exaggerate any info you've chosen to write about. There are several good persuasive essay topics to select from. The simplest approach to compose a decent persuasive essay is to chose a topic you're confident in. You cannot compose an ideal enduring issues essay should you not create a compelling thesis. The very best persuasive short essays often concentrate on controversial problems. Each paragraph should have a topic sentence. Your paragraphs need to have a topic sentence each and they should all be connected to the central enduring matter. Qualities of an excellent persuasive essay topic The topic needs to be specific. Selecting an excellent topic for your essay is among the most essential and frequently tricky parts for many students. Type of Enduring Issue Essay Samples This wikihow is going to teach you just how to compose a letter of application for employment from preparing writing and finishing. The work application essay is where you're in a position to showcase your experience and techniques that fulfill the needs of the work position you're applying for. The very first challenge is to work out the way to give technology users with some direly-needed direction. Search for any changes as time passes. In most high schools, your capability of writing this kind of essay is going to be evaluated in class. To begin with, growing prosperity in many sections of earth has increased the amount of families with money to put money into their kids' future. A student ought to keep in contact with the hottest trends and know which persuasive essay topics are related to sound convincing in regards to defending personal opinions. There are many persuasive essay examples college students are able to make use of online. Enduring Issue Essay Samples - the Conspiracy Folks realize the worth of very good well-being, and that is the reason why folks are spending a good deal of time doing research searching for the cure to unique illnesses. The main reason is you will not be healthy enough to do the things you like doing but will be limited. You must also demonstrate the way the issue has affected people or has been affected by men and women based on the issue chosen. As a way to do this paper, you might want to narrow the issue you're thinking about so you could cover the idea more effectively. The target of a persuasive essay is to convince your readers your viewpoint is the appropriate viewpoint. Observe that the objective of a persuasive speech is just like the purpose for writing an argumentative or persuasive essay. The simplest way to fix the sort of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. If you're terrified of speaking in public, writing a persuasive essay for a specific audience is the best way to remove this fear. Naturally, the prominent issues in a particular era happened due to a reason. The main reason behind such support is to maintain the government focused on fighting one enemy away from the United States boundaries. Discuss either side of the argument and provide your own opinion. Go beyond the notion of racial discrimination and consider the thought of equality of opportunity. In either instance, you should supply compelling evidence that the matter is significant and deserves attention. It's advisable to opt for a problem that you are able to expand on. You can also th ink about nested troubles. For instance, if you decide to go over the human trafficking issue mentioned previously, you can follow two pathways. You may be rich but if you've got a terrible personality people don't wish to be associated with you. It is possible to then practice replicating successful connections between ideas in your practice essays. Persuasive essay topics don't always need to be of a severe nature, you can write about things which are linked in your life. The main element which produces a persuasive essay in English stand out from the remainder of assignments is the use of reasoning. Making the completion of private finance coursework a requirement for graduation would guarantee that young people today are at least aware of the fundamentals of keeping up a financial stability. For that reason, it's imperative to learn how to approach any issue with a strong focus on solving it. While attempting to know how to compose a persuasive essay step-by-step, studen ts forget about another crucial activity. They have to write essays depending on the teacher's instructions or their desired style in writing. While there is absolutely no one correct method to compose these essays, this page will show you some great practices to think about when learning how to compose a persuasive essay. Now that you're acquainted with writing a DBQ essay, it wouldn't be too challenging in your part to compose a great and robust essay to land yourself a superior grade. Just adhere to the guidelines stated above, and you will be well on your way to writing a fantastic persuasive essay. How to compose my essay yourself for a work application examples. Keep reading for a discussion of the various ways this essay meets the requirements for an ideal score. Weave in your perspective to earn your essay unique. In this manner, you will be in a position to know for sure what your essay is all about before devising your thesis. It's important to define such an academic essay correctly to learn how to compose a persuasive essay.

Principle Agent Moral Hazard Free Essays

The major issue was that the commercial banks overstressed in such mortgage backed securities. Another part of the story Is that Basel I accords are credited with giving seeds to the idea of all things that could lead to recession and Basel II Is credited with magnifying Its Impact. Formed In 1988 and adopted by 1992, Basel I accords were a set of rules and regulations, to be adopted by GIG countries, that allotted different risk ratings to various types of assets held by banks. We will write a custom essay sample on Principle Agent Moral Hazard or any similar topic only for you Order Now Assets, here, referred to bonds, mortgages undo etc. It took a long time for the economies to realist the problems associated with such types of system. For example, in such a framework a commercial bank was permitted to keep aside no liquid capital if it had all government bonds or gold as assets. This was so because such assets were considered safe. Further, it was required of them to keep aside small percentages of capital for every mortgage, commercial loan or bonds they Issued. With the introduction of Basel 2, the list was expanded to bonds backed by debts like ar or property loans and yet had to keep only a 2 percent of spare capital. Flip side to this was that the bonds ought to have AAA or AAA credit ratings from the government. Statistics tell that Just prior to the recession, 81 percent of all Mortgage backed securities held by the commercial banks had AAA credit rating. Further, 93 percent of all mortgage-backed securities held by these banks had AAA credit rating or held bonds Issued by a government-sponsored enterprise. Now this Is where the role of moral hazard comes Into play. When Basel I and abstinently Basel II accords were Introduced, the primary aim of the developed economies was to encourage consumer spending and Investments by the banks. It was not completely unforeseeable for everyone to realize that backing debt or junk manipulating credit ratings, economies tried to create a self-fulfilling system that provided for feed as well as fed upon its own. The bankers were in turn incentives to take risks of high magnitude, with all the depositors’ money in hand, believing that there is a government always backing them. Soon the entire system gave away. This created a bigger moral hazard. How to minimize such problems? TO reduce such a problem of Principal Agent problem leading to recession, it is imperative that the regulators are on their toes. In USA, SEC did not take proper steps to ensure that the Rating agencies don’t rate securities high without any strong backing to do so. Also the FIDE, the Fed, the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Office of Thrift Supervision relied blindly on the ratings given by the Credit rating agencies. Therefore, all rules and regulations given under law should be implemented properly and Justly by the regulators. The government should also ensure the timely passage of relevant legal provision and bills. Also, although Basel Ill accords have been adopted and implemented by most of the countries and the deadline is 2019 for it, the present market conditions show that the Minimum Capital requirements need an overhaul as well. Hence, Basel 4 could be started to be worked upon with refined changes and the governments should follow the rules under such requirements. How to cite Principle Agent Moral Hazard, Papers

Methods of Warfare in 1st World War free essay sample

What methods of warfare were used in World War 1 and how did they change over the duration of the War? German Plan: In 1914 when war was declared Germany soon thought of a plan that they thought would win them the war known as the Schlieffen Plan which was soon put into action. The plan was if they could send all their troops through Belgium into France and take France within a matter of weeks before the Russian army was mobilised they could send all their troops to face Russia when Russia’s forces had fully mobilised. And so have a better chance of defeating Russia. Germany estimated it would take six weeks to conquer France and Belgium leaving them time to move their troops to the Eastern Front before Russia was fully engaged in the war. French Plan: In 1914 when war broke out the French followed their Plan 17 which was to send all their troops charging across the frontier and attack deep into Germany forcing the German soldiers to surrender. We will write a custom essay sample on Methods of Warfare in 1st World War or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And so the French launched an attack on German forces in Alsace-Lorraine, the French troops were cut down by German machine gun fire and artillery, within 12 days 200,000 French troops had been killed forcing them to abandon the plan and retreat to Paris. British plan: In order to help out the French Britain created a small force they planned would help the French troops stop the Germans and so England sent the British Expeditionary Force (150,000 professional trained, well equipped troops) in 1914 to France in order to hold off the German forces and to hopefully help beat back the German troops. Unfortunately in September 1914 the BEF were pushed back to Marne where they and the French stopped the German advance and pushed them back to the River Aisne. It was here where both sides dug themselves in in trenches leading to a large stalemate between both sides. Trench Warfare: During the First World War trench warfare was the most common type of warfare used, due to the fact that tanks had only recently been created and aircraft were not very developed. The trenches stretched from the sea at Ostend all the way to the Alps. These trenches caused a stalemate due to the fact that taking an enemy’s trench was extremely difficult because they were well defended by many machine guns that would kill any incoming infantry. Machine were large, heavy guns that were devastatingly effective as defensive weapons as they could fire eight bullets per second killing platoons of soldiers in minutes if they went over the top. During the war artillery caused the most casualties as they often destroyed enemy positions and killed the soldiers within them. Even though the enemy would just go deep into the trenches underground where they would be safest from the bombs. Artillery guns were very inaccurate at the beginning of the war but by the end of the war artillery was more powerful and much more accurate. A key weapon used to drive enemies out of the trenches was poison gas. The gas could be in a grenade that could be chucked into a enemy trench or fired in an artillery shell or even dropped by plane. The gas tended to be chlorine causing soldiers to struggle to breathe or mustard gas that blinded or killed its victims. Lastly the trenches were very unhygienic, full of dead bodies and gunge of mud and blood on the floor. This meant bacteria and infections spread very quickly and so diseases were common which took the lives of many soldiers on both sides. Land Warfare: Before the war Land warfare was only infantry and artillery but British inventors in 1914 thought of the idea of the tank, which they took to generals, but was rejected as though it would be impractical but Churchill disagreed and funded the project. Tanks were first used two years later in the Battle of the Somme; they advanced ahead of the infantry crushing the enemies’ defences and then spray the enemy with machine gun fire. Seeing this the British morale was boosted as they thought Tanks could lead to the breakthrough that will win them the war. Unfortunately the tanks were very slow, not very maneuverable and unreliable as many tanks broke down before they reached the enemy. The first real success for tanks was at Cambria in 1917 where they easily broke through enemy lines but the infantry behind couldn’t keep up. By the end of the war both forces were using armor piercing machine guns and adapted field guns to destroy tanks meaning tanks weren’t as invincible as they thought they were at the beginning of the war. Air warfare: In 1914 planes had only recently been invented and so at first they were very simple and used to fly over enemy targets or trenches etc, and take pictures, which they would then take back to head quarters. When planes were seen taking pictures enemy aircraft would try to shoot them down, at first the pilot would fire pistols and rifles from their planes at their enemy as they hadn’t though of a way to shoot in-between the propeller without hitting and braking the propeller. It was not until April 1915 they had fixed this problem by fitting a machine gun that was synchronized so that bullets missed the propeller and by 1918 spectacular dog fights were taking place in the air with more advanced airplanes with more advanced weapons that played a large part in slowing down the German advance. So in four years the Royal Naval Air Service and Royal Flying Corps had gone from having 37 planes to 23,000 planes but really the air war was little compared to the war at land and sea. Sea Warfare: Lastly before the war Britain had the largest fleet of advanced ships in the world that belittled the German fleet. Throughout the war there were very few battles on the sea. British Ships were used more for blockading German ports and supply lines hoping this would cause Germany to run out of resources and surrender. The only major sea battle was the Battle of Jutland where the British fleet lost 14 ships but destroyed 11 German ships and successfully maintained the blockade. Throughout the war Germany used its U-boats to destroy merchant ships and allied war ships, at first the U-boat would warn the ship it was about to be attacked but this convention was abandoned later in 1915. To stop the losses of Allied ships, Britain created: Q-ships that looked like merchant ships but had heavy guns on board; Mines to stop U-boats going through the English channel; Depth charges that sometimes when dropped hit U-boats and destroyed them; Convoys to protect merchant ships and Long-Range aircraft to protect the convoys.

010 Research and Bib Professor Ramos Blog

010 Research and Bib Research Quick Write Why do we research? Research Scholarly research is research that is published by people with specialized knowledge on what they are researching. It is peer reviewed, reviewed by other researchers and specialist in the field, and is generally trustworthy. Blogs, Newspapers, Magazines are not Scholarly but are popular sources. ProCon.org  No subscription needed. Good place to look at the main issues around a topic. Occupational Outlook Handbook  The OOH can help you find career information on duties, education and training, pay, and outlook for hundreds of occupations. Google Scholar  Google academic database search. Great place to start. Quick Write How would you feel if someone used your ideas or work without giving you credit? Annotated Bibliography Chapter 11 in our textbook explains the purpose of an annotated bib. An annotated bib is a works cited or references page with additional information added to each citation. You begin with the correct reference citation for your sources. For this assignment we will have at least five sources. Here is a good explanation of  citations in MLA. Here is the format: Author(s). â€Å"Article Title.†Ã‚  Source, vol. #, no. #, season year, pp. xx-xx.  Database,  URL. Example: Kong, Les. â€Å"Business Sources for Education Majors.†Ã‚  Education Graduate Students Journal, vol. 75, no. 4, 2014, pp. 12-19.  JSTOR,  jstor.org/stable/52506788. To each entry you will add the annotation, the paragraph or two that explains the source, why you are using it, and its reliability. Each professor you will have in the future may have specific guidelines for what to include in an annotated bibliographic entry. Always follow their instructions. For this assignment, you should include: Summary of Source, 2-4 sentences How you are using it in your report, 1-3 sentences Reliability of source, 1-3 sentences In total, you should have a short paragraph, 4-10 sentences, explaining the three points above. Sources for Review 1-2 Primary texts 1-2+ Scholarly sources 1-2+ Popular sources 4 sources minimum. The New Jim Crow We read the New Jim Crow article for today. What is a caste? What is the purpose of prisons? What is Jim Crow? What is the New Jim Crow?

Exactly How Long Should You Study for the ACT A 6-Step Guide

Exactly How Long Should You Study for the ACT A 6-Step Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In planning your ACT prep, you probably want to know how long you need to study. Is it weeks or months? Is it dozens of hours or hundreds? The answer to these questions depends on a variety of factors, including your target score and how comfortable you already are with the test material. There’s no reason to torture yourself with endless studying if your scores are already in the right range for your top choice schools. On the other hand, if you're still pretty far away from the scores you want, you may have to work harder than you think. In this guide, I'll show you how to figure out how much you need to improve, how many hours you need to spend to get there, and how you should build a study schedule before your next real ACT. Step 1: Find Your ACT Target Score Your ACT target score is the score you're aiming for that'll be high enough to get you into your top schools.You can download this free guide to calculate your target ACT score. You can alsocheck out this articlefor a quick look at how to find an appropriate target score for your goals. The easiest way to determine a target score is to Google your top choice school and â€Å"ACT scores.†You should be able to find a 25th percentile score and a 75th percentile score for the school. The range between the two represents the scores of the middle 50 percent of admitted students. Aim for the 75th percentile score (a higher score than 75 percent of the school’s admitted students) as your target to make sure you have the best chances of acceptance! Step 2: Take a Practice ACT to Determine Your Starting Point Here's a link to five free printable ACT practice tests, complete with answer keys so you can grade them yourself.Take one of these practice tests so you can see where you are relative to your target score. When I say to take a practice test, I don't mean answer questions for a section casually throughout the day while watching YouTube videos in the background. Really force yourself to live the experience of the ACT as it is in the actual test environment. Set aside a weekend morning and go through each section with the same constraints you would have on the real test. Why should you subject yourself to such torment? Because it's the only way to get a good estimate of where you stand in relation to your target score. Time pressure is a huge factor on the ACT, and it can impact your score significantly. Furthermore, going through all the sections in a row forces you to account for any fatigue you might experience on the later sections of the test. If you already know your starting point scores from a previous test or practice test, great! As soon as you settle on your test date, you'll be ready to cook up a study plan. A bitter Salvador Dali painted this to try and convince himself that time was a meaningless construct after he ran out of it on the ACT. Step 3: Decide When You'll Take the Real ACT We recommend taking the ACT for the first time during your junior fall in our Complete Study Plan.That way you'll be able to retake the test in the spring if necessary, and you'll be free to devote your senior year to college apps and devising elaborate senior pranks. If you're already coming up on senior fall and have to take the ACT in September or October no matter what, that’s OK too.Either way, you can find a study plan that works for you. Step 4: Figure Out How Many Hours You Need to Study Here is a rough guide to how many hours of study time you should put in for a given point improvement: Composite ACT Points You Want to Improve Hours of Study Needed 0-1 points 10 hours 1-2 points 20 hours 2-4 points 40 hours 4-6 points 80 hours 6-9 points 150+ hours Keep in mind that this is just a rough estimate of the hours you will need to put in to improve your score.If you want to improve 0-1 points, you'll probably be able to accomplish your goal with light review, a single practice test, and a retake of the official test. As you can see, the time you need to devote to studying if you're hoping for improvements of more than a few points is pretty significant.If you want to improve by more than 4 points or so, you'll have to do some in-depth content work to address gaps in your knowledge. The ACT tests a lot of different concepts, so it can take a while to cover them all. This is why an earlier start is better. Ideally you should start studying sophomore year to space out your hours and gradually gain familiarity with the structure of the test.Everyone has different study habits and restrictions on time, so you should further customize your plan while keeping these hour estimates as a baseline. Step 5: Create a Plan Based on Your Time Constraints and Studying Style How many weeks do you have before the test?How much time can you devote to studying in a typical week? There are many factors that will affect how you decide to study for the ACT. Here are some potential scenarios and corresponding study plans to get you started: Scenario 1: I Want to Improve by 1-2 Points, and I Have a Lot of Other Commitments Try doing some focused studying for an hour or two every week for however much time you have before the test.If you start at least a few months beforehand, you won’t be overwhelmed with yet another commitment, and you will gradually gain familiarity with questions while learning to avoid the silly mistakes that are costing you points. Two hours a week of studying for two months is a good general goal if you are closer to the test date. If you have four or more months before the test, you could try just an hour a week.Six months of studying for just an hour a week = 26 hours of study time! Scenario 2: I Want to Improve by 5 Points, and I Have the Summer to Study, but I’m Not Sure Where to Start Unstructured time is hard to manage, but it also means you can choose to study whenever you are most comfortable and least distracted.If you schedule out an afternoon each week when you will focus on studying, a few months may be enough to improve your scores.The chart above recommends around 80 hours of studying for a 5 point improvement. If you have three months to study, that comes out to about five hours a week. Scenario 3: I Want to Improve by 8 Points or More. Am I Crazy? No, you are (probably) perfectly sane!You may want to start studying earlier to catch up on the stuff you’re missing, but it’s doable if you're willing to put in some serious time and effort. If you still have six months before the test, think about which day of the week you will be least stressed by other commitments and schoolwork, and set that afternoon/evening aside for studying.Block out five hours a week for six months in advance of the test, and you should start to see significant positive results. If you have the resources to hire a tutor, this is when you might consider doing so.Theadvice of someone who has experience with the test is usually helpful if you feel like you are lacking in fundamental knowledge. Make sure you bring everything you need for the real ACT to your study sessions, including wacky markers and a regulation diameter globe. Step 6: Consider Factors That Increase or Decrease Study Time Requirements You might have special circumstances that mean you need to customize your study plan more drastically. Some people should study for more or less time based on past experience and time management skills. You May Need to Study for More Time If... You've already studied a lot, and you haven't seen much improvement. This might mean you need to switch up your strategies in addition to studying more. Take an objective look at how you've been using your study time so you can make productive changes. You're easily distracted. If you're spending a large chunk of your study time framing the perfect snapchat of you making a sad face with your ACT materials, you have a distraction problem. Try blocking out more time, and put away electronic devices while studying. It takes a while for you to learn from your mistakes. If you need to practice answering questions a few times before you understand your mistakes fully, you should consider studying for longer periods of time. You Might Improve in Less Time If... You're new to the ACT. If you are someone who has barely looked at the test before and just started studying, you'll see larger score gains in a shorter time. You're a super focused studier. What might take another person two hours to process will take you one, so consider dialing back your study time. You don't want to overdo it and end up with test fatigue. You learn quickly from your mistakes. If you never make the same mistake twice, you also shouldn't go overkill on studying. You probably only have to get the wrong answer once before you can rely on yourself to answer similar questions correctly in the future. Take Home Points You can formulate your ACT study plan based on your goals and the statistics for your top choice schools. The key is starting early! Give yourself more chances to excel. Figure out your target score, take apractice test, and decide how much you need to improve. Determine a realistic number of hours you will need to devote to studying based on your goals. Space out your studying time over the weeks leading up to your test date. Continue to take practice tests to evaluate the effectiveness of your studying and make sure you're on track. You’ve got this! What's Next? Check out our Complete Planfor when you should start studying for the ACT. This will give you a more comprehensive view of how to structure your time including what's tested, when you should take the test, and sample score goals for different levels of college selectivity. Also, take a look at our guide forhow to review missed questions on the SAT and ACT. If you can learn to effectively review missed questions, you will be a much more productive studier! Want to get a super high ACT score? Check out our guide to getting a perfect score on the ACT, written by a perfect scorer. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by ACT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Correct Survey Organization within Research Essay

Correct Survey Organization within Research - Essay Example Concerning the opinion on the flaws in a survey instrument design, the following strengths and weaknesses can be pointed out. First, if the questions are irrelevant, the research will be ineffective. However, when the research aims and objectives are well followed when formulating questions, such a problem cannot be observed. Second, it is true that failure to build rapport with the respondent before asking too hard and personal questions will put him/her off from answering any more questions. However, if the researcher is competent, creating rapport will be the priority once he/she come into contact with the respondent. After all, some respondents may be unwilling to cooperate, whether a rapport is created or not (Tourangeau, Roger, & Yan 2007). Third, use of jargons may make the respondent not understand what is being asked. This is not a big problem because the respondent is made to understand the questions during introduction. Fourth, asking of pointless and low-quality questions puts the respondent off easily. In fact, quality collected data largely depends on the quality of questions asked. In most instances, this is not a big problem because questions are formulated based on the objective of the research (Mitchell & Jolley 2010).Mathew 7:7 encourages the researcher to seek information. However, the verse does not encourage the researcher to be diligent. â€Å"Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you.

Films of Alfred Hitchcock Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Films of Alfred Hitchcock - Assignment Example After he answers to this name, he is immediately mistaken for the CIA agent, named George Kaplan ("North by Northwest"). Throughout the story, Roger tries to make everyone believe that he is not Kaplan. His life becomes a nightmare because he is being tracked down. The abduction of Roger and his desperation when he tries to explain that he knows nothing about Kaplan defines one of the intriguing scenes in the film. The case of mistaken identity is the film is one of the interesting aspects that viewers are interested in. Roger’s effort to clear his name and prove that he is not Kaplan failed terribly. The fact that even his mother does not believe him makes his case more complicated. Hitchcock’s expertise in developing an intriguing plot is evident because Roger finds himself facing murder charges. There is evidence of a photograph depicting him holding a weapon. Therefore, it is impossible for Roger to deny the charges. The suspense of the story surrounds Roger’s mistaken identity. Roger is determined to find the true Kaplan something that all the viewers are interested in (Wakelin 86). However, at the end of the movie, it is revealed that George Kaplan does not exist. Roger plays his role extremely well, making the suspense so realistic. He finds himself in a strange world without anyone to turn to because he is unable to prove his innocence. He depicts his desperation t o find the true Kaplan to clear his name. He is the favorite character for many viewers because the entire story surrounds him. A close analysis of the film reveals that Roger faces a great deal of isolation. The viewers understand that he does not have a family of his own and he faces a critical case of mistaken identity. In his desperation, nobody believes that he is innocent. It is unfortunate that even his mother does not trust his story. He faces extreme danger, especially after he is framed for murder. He seems to be alone and against the entire world. The cinematography of

Income Inequality Reduction in South Africa

Income Inequality Reduction in South Africa â€Å"The disparate distribution of a nations gross domestic product amongst its population†. That is how (Sullivan Sheffrin 2003) define income inequality. It is usually characterised by two underling issues; the inability of an economy to efficiently utilise its factors of production, and limited social mobility ranging from social classes to ethnicity and even nations. History demonstrates how inequality can act as a barrier to sustainable development; highlighted in the Brundtland Report (UN, 1987). â€Å"Quality economic growth† is the significant expression emphasised in the report in an attempt to illustrate the requirements of a more equal and democratic society. Up until recent times, South Africa has boasted the largest economy in Africa. This has resulted in heavy examination of economic growth levels in the country. Between 1960 and 2013, the country recorded average growth rates of approximately 3.25% (World Bank 2013). However, this growth hasn’t been enjoyed by the masses, approximately 23.7 per cent of the country’s labour forces were unemployed in 2009 and 25 per cent in 2012 (World Bank 2013). In South Africa, there are combinations of factors working together causing income disparity in the country. However, even in post- apartheid South Africa, race is still a significant factor responsible for the gap between the rich and poor. (Sherer, 2000) and (Ozler. 2007). This is significant because it has been observed that societies that are more equal experience longer periods of economic growth (UN, 1987). The Gini coefficient measured at 0.6314 in 2009, is incongruously high for an upper-middle-income nation (World Bank 2 013) Gini Coefficients: South Africa According to (World Bank 2013) the Gini index â€Å"measures the extent to which the distribution of income or consumption expenditure among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution†. Gini coefficients measures the variances between all pairs of incomes and their and sum their absolute difference. Between 1948 and into the early 1990s no official data was collected with regards to inequality levels in South Africa. Throughout this period, South Africa was still under the apartheid regime and the government were far from concerned by the clear inequality in the country. Observing the graph above it appears that inequality decreased following the dissolution of the apartheid regime and has gradually increased for most of the first decade in the most-recent millennium. Having said that, perspective is required as the data set is extremely limited, and it is possible that fluctuations may be a result of standard economic business cycles. Therefore it is impossible to use Gini data to provide empirical evidence for or against income inequality patterns. Lorenz curves: South Africa â€Å"The Lorenz curve plots the percentage of total income earned by various portions of the population when the population is ordered by the size of their incomes† (Gastwirth, 1971) Figures in the graph below are centred on monthly per capita household expenditures in 2000 ZAR (South African Rands) The Lorenz curve illustrated above is a graphical representation of the distribution of income among the South African population. It is clear for the graph that the Lorenz Curve for South Africa in the year 2000 is underneath that of the year 1995 until it reaches the 85 per cent percentile. The Lorenz principle is void in this case as there is a intersection in the Lorenz curves. Results from the Lorenz curve should not be taken as factual as it does not take into account key dynamics that are responsible for income inequality. For example, trade union bargaining, land ownership and educational achievement (Azam Rospabà ©, 2007). Kuznets Ratio: South Africa The Kuznets ratio can be defined as a measurement that observes the income share attained by the richest 20 per cent of the population divided by that held by the poorest 40 per cent. Data for Kuznets ratio table in South Africa is based on data available from the World Bank to date. Above is table illustrating the Kuznets ratio in South Africa, this table is based on the data available from the World Bank to date. Looking at the table it is clear that the disbandment of the apartheid lifestyle inequality seems to decrease. This is observable by comparing the 1993 and 1995 Kuznets ratios. From the data available it can be deduced that from 2000, inequality in South Africa has been increasing (7.24 in 2000, and then 9.30 in 2009). This hypothesis matches that of the Gini-coefficient data which proposes a notion of inequality rising since the turn of the twenty-first century. 20:20 Ratio: South Africa The 20:20 ratio is a measurement of the income share of the richest 20 per cent compared to that of the poorest 20%. Its methods in measuring inequality are similar to that of the Kuznets ratio. However the 20:20 ratio can be more revealing of the actual impact of inequality in a society. This is because the effect of outliers is reduced on the top and bottom and prevents the middle 60 per cent concealing inequality levels. Data for 20:20 ratio table in South Africa is based on data available from the World Bank to date. Results from the 20:20 ratio follow similar patterns to that of the Kuznets ratio. Inequality is seen to decrease between 1993 and 1995, however again like the Kuznets ratio it increases at the turn of the twenty first century; (20.5 in 2000 but then 25.26 in 2009). Theil-T index: South Africa The Theil-T index is another statistic that measures inequality in societies. The Theil-T index however is unique compared to other economic inequality measurements. It is a specialised form of the entropy index, differentiating inequality between and across various groups in society. According to (Woolard, 2002) approximately 40 per cent of inequality in South Africa is between races. 33 per cent is â€Å"intra-African† and 21 per cent â€Å"intra-White. Average household monthly wage by race and spending quintle (ZAR) Mean hourly wages by racial group (ZAR/Hour) The unproductive nature of rural farming in rural South Africa has had an effect of encouraging a culture of dependency. Rural families have become heavily reliant on migrated â€Å"family member’s remittance†. Due to this culture, labour market access has played a key role in providing income for job seekers, and to those who depend on them to repatriate income. (Allanson Atkins 2005) claim that African worker’s wages have improved by roughly 30 per cent. It is believed that the introduction of minimum wage policies (OECD 2010) has caused this change. These policies were introduced in an attempt to start rectifying the injustices of apartheid. Looking at the figure 6 above, it is clear that there has been an improvement in the wages of rural migrants. Pro-labour acts as well as increases in labour mobility have meant that more rural migrants have been able to find employment in urban areas. However, the introduction of minimum wage policies as mentioned before has not been completely successful. In fact, it has significantly contributed to the high unemployment levels currently witnessed in South Africa. The African National Congress (ANC) attempted to combat this problem through wage subsidies. However this attempt has been mostly unsuccessful in reduce inequality as businesses prefer highly-skilled workers (Delfin 2010) Access to Crop Land and its use in Rural Areas â€Å"Apartheid institutionalised both conflict and environmental degradation †¦ by allocating, through the homelands system, 14 per cent of the nations land to 72 per cent of the population† (UN, 1987). Figure 7 above illustrates how, across rural South Africa post-apartheid, the three most deprived quintiles, measured by consumption, had relatively smaller quantities of land which were shared communally, and were un-irrigated. Research undertaken by (UNDP, 2003) has hypothesised that inequitable land distribution within the country has been a stumbling block to the eradication of extreme poverty in rural South Africa. (UNDP, 2003) also highlights how â€Å"In 2002, 37.3 per cent of households’ disposable income was from property†. This indicates that the property right concentration policy enforced under the 1912 Native Lands Act, continues to extend income disparities in South Africa. At this time the African National Congress (ANC) was the new party in power. They developed a â€Å"reconstruction and development programme† (RDP) in order to combat the underlying issues in South Africa. The foundation of the programme was based around three key land-reform pillars; restitution, redistribution and tenure reform. The ANC took a market-led ‘willing seller, willing buyer’ approach. The main objective of this approach was to promote economic growth, social and food security (UNDP, 2003). According to the work of (Philip David, 2003) roughly 1 per cent of entitled South Africans applied for restitution under the above-mentioned RDP. (UNDP, 2003) cites the fact that since redistribution was not complemented by the provision of a sufficient support scheme, success has limited. Cross-sectional studies conducted in Limpopo, (province in South Africa), established that the resources required by rural farmers to make land arable were too expensive (Eastwood, Kirsten, Lipton, 2006). The Department of Agriculture and Land Affairs (DALA), who is responsible for implementing the land reforms, were allocated only a third of a per cent of the South African national budget in 2002 (UNDP, 2003). A DALA report on the quality of life of South African farmers, found that only 22 per cent of those farmers who profited from the land reform were able to make sufficient revenue from the land (UNDP, 2003). Academic specialists of rural South Africa believe that â€Å"suitably adapted land reform could play an important part in restructuring the rural sector in South Africa† (Deininger, 1999). This hypothesis is backed up by the fact that pilot studies led by the South African government have successfully increased rural farmer’s income. This increase has been a chieved by facilitating joint schemes between White and African commercial farmers, resulting in increased access to credit, technology and consumer markets (UNDP, 2003). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_inequality_metrics Unequal access to humdamian capital has been one of the biggest income-inequality drivers within post-apartheid South Africa. It has led to racial wage discrimination, both as a result of skills biased technological change and institutional racism (Azam Rospabà ©, 2007). These factors have led to an increase and fall in the demand for white and black workers respectively (Michaud Vencatachellum, 2003). These low returns to education for black children have negatively affected African parents’ human capital investment. As shown in Graph 7, South Africa, in comparison to most other Sub-Saharan African countries, has had relatively high levels of primary school enrolment. However, it is also worth observing that during the apartheid, the 1953 Bantu Act restricted the quality of education available to ‘non-whites’ (Michaud Vencatachellum, 2003). â€Å"Roughly, for every 4 R spent on a White child, only 3 R were spent on an Indian child, 2 R on a Coloured child an d 1 R on a Black child.† (Thomas, 1996). A panel study in Cape Town found that the amount of African students enrolled in school was positively correlated with grade repetition (Lam, Ardington, Leibbrandt, 2011). This was as a result of the inadequate internal assessment procedures undertaken across predominantly-black public schools. Hence, grade progression within these schools was sparsely linked with cognitive ability. The study concluded that, often, for African students grade advancement is a lottery. Inadequate management within South Africa’s public school system makes human capital investment too costly for poorer African households (Edmonds, 2006). The inability of the poorest South African parents to invest in future generations’ educational attainment has exacerbated income inequality. A study into the effects of credit constraints on schooling decisions, found that, amongst the poorest black South African families, the opportunity costs of sending children to school decreased as anticipated pension eligibility increased (Edmonds, 2006). The study found that â€Å"each additional schooling year of exposure to a male pensioner increases the probability that a male completes primary school by three percentage points. (Edmonds, 2006)†. Another study (Duflo, 2004), found that increases in an elder female’s pension increased the height of younger females in the same households by 1.16 standard deviations. Cash transfers in South Africa have had successful re-distributional effects, which have extended beyond their recipients in the form of increased spending on children’s wellbeing. Within both state-run and private South African educational institutions, school fees directly limit the quality of education poorer households have access to (Seloda Zenou, 2003). The schools with higher fees tend to offer better facilities and higher teacher-student ratios, but are often further away from the black students. A study (Seloda Zenou, 2003) assessed the cross-cultural human capital effects of transportation subsidies, private-school vouchers and public-school spending in Central Business Districts and Black Townships. The study found that a ‘restricted-voucher’ policy, which could be offered to low-income families, would offset the fee-setting behaviour in predominantly-white areas. The study estimated that if the policy was financed by a 1% income tax rate, it could increase black student’s access to better schools by over 50 per cent (Seloda Zenou, 2003) . In conclusion, income inequality reduction measures have been, for the most part, unsuccessful in South Africa. Market-led principles, which have driven reforms in education, labour and land markets, have not achieved the desired trickle-down effect on many of the poorest South Africans. Rather, they have directly increased the returns to factors which have traditionally been monopolised by the white minority population (Murray Leibbrandt, 2010). However, more recent signs indicate that inequality may be falling across races but increasing within them (OECD, 2010). In light of falling world commodity prices and an uncertain global economic outlook, I believe the long-term success of South Africa’s economy primarily hinges on initiatives, such as cash transfers, which will help poorer households finance their children’s access to higher-level human capital.

Key Concepts and Network Architecture for 5G Mobile

G technology is offering the services in Product Engineering, Documentation, supporting electronic transactions (e-Payments, transactions) etc. As the customer becomes more and more aware of the mobile phone technology, he or she will look for a decent package all together, including all the advanced features a cellular phone can have. Hence the search for new technology is always the main motive of the leading cell phone giants to out innovate their competitors. The ultimate goal of 56 is to design a real wireless world that is free from obstacles of the earlier generations.This requires an integration of networks. This paper represents, introduction to 56 technologies, Key concepts of 56, Features of 56 networks technology, applications, hardware and software for 56 technologies and network architecture for 56 wireless technologies and last section conclude the paper. Keywords?G, www, JIB, DAWN, ‘P, Wi-If INTRODUCTION 56 Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile technology. 56 technology has changed the meaner to use cell phones within very high bandwidth. 56 is a packet switched wireless system with wide area coverage and high throughput. 6 wireless uses FOOD and millimeter wireless that enables data rate of 20 Mbps and frequency and of 2-8 GHz. 56 is going to be a packed based network . The 56 communication system is envisioned as the real wireless network, capable of supporting wireless World Wide Web (www) applications in 2010 to 201 5 time frame. There are two views of 56 systems: evolutionary and revolutionary. In the evolutionary view the 56 (or beyond 46) systems will be capable of supporting www allowing a highly flexible network such as a Dynamic Dados Wireless Network (DAWN).In this view advanced technologies including intelligent antenna and flexible modulation are keys to optimize the dados wireless networks. In revolutionary view 56 systems should be an intelligent technology capable of interconnecting the entire world without limits. An example application could be a robot with built-in wireless communication with artificial intelligence. User never experienced ever before such a high value technology. The 56 technologies include all type of advanced features which makes 56 technology most powerful and in huge demand in near future.Amazing isn't it such a huge collection of technology being integrated into a small device. The 56 technology provides the mobile phone users more features and efficiency than the 1000 lunar doodle. A user of mobile phone can easily hook their 56 technology gadget with laptops or tablets to acquire broadband internet connectivity. Up till now following features of the 56 technology have come to surface- High resolution is offered by 56 for extreme mobile users, it also offers bidirectional huge bandwidth. – 56 technology excellent quality service is based on Policy in order to evade errors. It provides transporter class type gateway that has unequalled steadiness. – The 56 technology billing interface is highly advanced making it efficient and appealing. – It offers huge quantity of broadcasting data, which is in Gaga Bytes, sustaining more than 60,000 connections. – This technology also provides remote diagnostic feature. – Provides up to 25 megabytes per second connectivity. Also it supports the private virtual networks. KEY CONCEPTS OF 56 The key concepts discussing 56 and beyond G wireless communications are: 1) Real wireless world with no more limitation with access and zone issues. ) Wearable devices with AY capabilities. 3) Internet protocol version 6(Pop), where a visiting care- of mobile IP address is assigned according to location and connected network. SECRET @ 2012 4) One unified global standard. 5) Pervasive networks providing ubiquitous computing: The user can simultaneously be connected to several wireless access technologies and seamlessly move between them These access technologies can be a 2. 56, 36, G or 56 mob ile networks, Wi-If, WPAD or any other future access technology.In 56, the concept may be further developed into multiple concurrent data transfer paths. 6) Cognitive radio technology, also known as smarted: allowing different radio technologies to share the same spectrum efficiently by adaptively ending unused spectrum and adapting the transmission scheme to the requirements of the technologies currently sharing the spectrum. This dynamic radio resource management is achieved in a distributed fashion, and relies on software defined radio. 7) High altitude stratospheric platform station (HAPS) systems.

Hong Kong’s Environmental Problems and Solutions - 1223 Words

Hong Kong’s environmental problems and solutions Hong Kong is one of the top financial centers in the world. Thus, the environmental quality of Hong Kong is very important. It is because the environmental quality is indirectly linking to the image of Hong Kong. Moreover, the living standard of Hong Kong residents is also under influencing of the environmental quality. However, Hong Kong is now surviving serious environmental problems. Poor air quality, noise problem and heavy traffic loads are the three important problems of Hong Kong. The members of Hong Kong should try their best to tackle these problems. Problem of air quality in Hong Kong is serious so we need to try our best to solve it. Three are two main reasons that causing the†¦show more content†¦Better road planning will divert the noisy road from the residential areas and thus reduce the disturbance to the residents. Lastly, there is an urged to deal with to problem of traffic congestion. â€Å"The problem of traffic congestion in Hong Kong is caused by the lack using of public transport† (Lo I, 2004). Hong Kong is such a small place but there are a few million vehicles on the roads. We can see that there are a lot of private vehicles running on the road everyday. The increasing of private vehicles increases the demand of the usage of the roads. As more and more vehicles are riding on the roads at the same time, the road system will then cannot afford. Traffic congestion occurs. Another cause of traffic congestion is less well-planned road system in Hong Kong. In Central, traffic congestion is common. It is because of the poor road system. Many vehicles will rush to Central at the rush hour, but the poor road system cannot help to divert the vehicles flow rate. So many vehicles are concentrated in Central and caused traffic congestion. What are the impacts of traffic congestion? Firstly, L o I. (2004) claimed that people are needed to pay heavy time cost for traffic congestion. The wasting of time may lead to the loss of business, late for work and school. So traffic congestion can also cause the economics loss. In addition, the image of Hong Kong will also be affect. Hong Kong is an international financial center that gives the world an image ofShow MoreRelatedHong Kongs Environmental Problems and Solutions1209 Words   |  5 PagesHong Kong’s environmental problems and solutions Hong Kong is one of the top financial centers in the world. Thus, the environmental quality of Hong Kong is very important. It is because the environmental quality is indirectly linking to the image of Hong Kong. Moreover, the living standard of Hong Kong residents is also under influencing of the environmental quality. However, Hong Kong is now surviving serious environmental problems. Poor air quality, noise problem and heavy traffic loads areRead MoreHong Kong s Air Pollution Problems1660 Words   |  7 PagesHong Kong’s Air Pollution problems Hong Kong’s air pollution has reached unprecedented, phenomenal levels, which seems to be growing controllably with each passing day, and creating worse situations. Despite there are desperate and overwhelming measures taken by the Hong Kong Government Authority to address and rectify the situation, the situation of air pollution is turning grimmer by the day. After the Second World War, the major working sector in China began a massive shift from the agrarianRead MoreAir pollution in Hong Kong 1747 Words   |  7 Pageseffect† Since Hong Kong restructured to financial industry base. Hong Kong government trend to build more high buildings in core business districts to attract foreign companies invest Hong Kong, due to high rent of office/commercial buildings and lack of these buildings especially in Central and Wan Chai. 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As mentioned by the Environmental Protection Department, â€Å"In recent years, the amount of food waste arising fromRead MoreThe Destruction Of The World Essay2259 Words   |  10 Pages While unpleasant and horrifying, these images of terrifying waters is a reality. Due to trash becoming ubiquitous in nature, the oceans consumed these unhealthy items and is filled with those grotesque substances. Although this is the case, the problem correlates to what is know as humans’ habits. Commonly seen in almost every place, individuals create a mess by throwing a piece of garbage on the ground rather than in a trash bin. This event in turn is causing great damages to the marine life andRead MoreQuality Management: Cathay Pacific Airways2448 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Cathay Pacific Airways is an international airline registered and based in Hong Kong, offering scheduled cargo and passenger services to over 80 destinations around the world. 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The Islamic State Of Iraq And Terrorism - 1615 Words

War and conflict have raged in Southeast and Central Asia for centuries due to civil unrest and political instability. The rise of the Taliban and other militant insurgencies have escalated the dangers and unpredictability of an already unstable government in Afghanistan. The agenda of these jihadist extremists is the takeover of the Afghan and Pakistan governments in favor of the more stringent Islamic ways of the Taliban, and the destruction of anyone who opposes them. These groups, professing to do the work of God, are perpetrating a coarse and distorted interpretation of Islam and the Quran. Violent acts that have been committed by insurgents, include crimes against humanity, acts of terrorism, murder, suicide bombings, and†¦show more content†¦He was born in a Pakistani refugee camp and was raised and educated in a Pakistani madrassa. These madrassas taught students very conservative Islamic ideologies as well as an indoctrination of extremist jihadist ways. Omar took t he teachings from the madrassa and implemented it into the Taliban culture. The Taliban emerged in 1994 from a group of guerilla type Muslim Mujahidin that had fought in the Afghan and Soviet war, and were dissatisfied and disillusioned with their current Mujahidin leadership. Much of the funding and high tech weapons provided to this militant group was the contribution of the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), working with the Pakistan Intelligence Agency (ISI), in an effort to force Soviet withdrawal during the â€Å"Cold War†. Ironically, those militants have now become a major problem in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Journalist and bestselling author Ahmed Rashid said, â€Å"Prior to the war the Islamacists barely had a base in Afghan society† (Rashid, 2000, p. 19). Following the departure of the Soviets in 1989, civil unrest, chaos, and a civil war ensued in Afghanistan. Millions of refugees fled to Pakistan. The Taliban, growing in strength and power, took advantage of a weakened and unstable Soviet supported government. The Taliban conquered Kabul and hanged the President, Dr. Mohammed Najibullah on September 27, 1996, reflecting the brutal nature of this organization (Franzen, 2012, p. 3). The Taliban promised to